The Rebirth of Reincarnation

While participating in Easter Vigil, with the Blessing of Fire and all, I realized that there are a few further comments that need to be said regarding this paragraph of the catechism:

1013 Death is the end of man's earthly pilgrimage, of the time of grace and mercy which God offers him so as to work out his earthly life in keeping with the divine plan, and to decide his ultimate destiny. When "the single course of our earthly life" is completed, we shall not return to other earthly lives: "It is appointed for men to die once." There is no "reincarnation" after death.

An underlying assumption in this denial of reincarnation is that the human person is composed of body, mind, and the soul, or the very self (that which makes awareness of body and mind possible). What this denial of reincarnation means is that the very self does not associate itself with another physical body-mind, after the death of the physical body-mind. From a scientific perspective, this denial is not accurate. The very self does indeed associate itself with another physical body-mind -- during any one particular lifetime. That is, the atoms and molecules, the thoughts and feelings, of a person are constantly changing in any one lifetime. The atoms that existed in your body as an infant will most likely be replaced completely by the time you turn 10. The thoughts in your mind are changing at an even faster rate. So one person might have multiple physical body-minds over one lifetime. That in itself is a sort of "reincarnation".

But the above quote from the catechism is about dying only once, and not gaining another physical body-mind. And yet, even that claim is not totally true. In Christian theology, the dead will undergo a physical resurrection of the body-mind. The resurrected body might be quite different from the body one once had, but it will be physical or solid in some sense. So living as a resurrected person in a resurrected body-mind is a type of "reincarnation", though not a reincarnation into another "earthly" life.

Still, reincarnation into another earthly life might still be compatible with Christian thought. If one considers the atoms that exist in a body, then it is conceivable that atoms hold 'memories' of bodies that once included them. These 'memories' might entail some sort of energetic pattern that remains stable over time. Perhaps these atomic 'memories' are able to induce mental 'memories' in persons' bodies. The atoms of a serial killer, for instance, might carry the energetic patterns associated with that killer's actions and thoughts. The killer himself might be executed, but his atoms might carry the killer's energetic patterns into new bodies; and the persons who embody these atoms might have to deal with those energetic patterns, perhaps tolerate them, resist them, transform them. In such a scenario, the killer's energetic patterns did in fact "re-incarnate", even if the very self of the killer did not. Such an interpretation of "reincarnation" is also compatible with the highest philosophies in Hinduism and Buddhism. What all this means is that we are all indeed "our brother's keeper": what we do affects not only ourselves, but our descendants as well. And what our ancestors (both human and non-human) did, affects us, in more ways than we may have thought.

Live as if you'll live a 100 years. Love as if you'll die tomorrow.
Live as if you'll reincarnate for a 100 eons. Love as if you have just one life.

The Ultimate Birth and Death

Historically, Christianity has most often taken a certain position on death:

1013 Death is the end of man's earthly pilgrimage, of the time of grace and mercy which God offers him so as to work out his earthly life in keeping with the divine plan, and to decide his ultimate destiny. When "the single course of our earthly life" is completed, we shall not return to other earthly lives: "It is appointed for men to die once." There is no "reincarnation" after death.

There are many points that could be made regarding the issue of reincarnation and Christianity. I would suggest that reincarnation, properly understood, is not antithetical to Christianity (just as it is not antithetical to Judaism, or Islam). For instance, it is true, as many Christians believe, that "there is no reincarnation after death". At the same time, it is also true, as quite a few Christians believe, that there is reincarnation after death. Now, the reader may be puzzled, and begin to ask, "How can A and B both be true, when A and B make opposite claims?" The reader may then ask, "How can both reincarnation and non-reincarnation be true?"

A certain Sufi teacher, Bawa Muhaiyaddeen, suggested one way in which both can be true. (In fact, many Sufis make the same or a similar type of suggestion.) The human person is one, of course, but death signals a separation of the components of the human person. The human person is composed of body, mind, and the Very Self. The elements of the body form, exist, and transform into some other form. The atom in your thumb, for instance, once existed in another form, perhaps another person, and in the future, that atom will exist in another form. In short, that atom will "reincarnate". The elements of the mind (thoughts, feelings, intentions, e.g.) likewise exist in your consciousness. These elements of the mind also existed in some other form previously, and will exist in another form at some time in the future. Thus, the mental elements also "reincarnate".

Some person, after your own physical death, will inherit your physical atoms, as well as your mental elements. Thus, that person would be, in some sense, a reincarnation of previous persons, including yourself.

However, the human person is not just body, and not just mind. The human person also is the Very Self, that which makes awareness of the body and the mind possible. This Very Self (known to the Hindus as the Atman) does not change, even while associated with the constantly changing body and mind. While the body and mind undergo their alterations, the Very Self does not "appear" and it does not "disappear". While the body and mind are born and die, the Very Self never takes birth, and the Very Self will never die. The Very Self does not incarnate, and thus does not re-incarnate.

Nonetheless, according to the Sufis, the Very Self did take birth once, and it will indeed "die" once. The Very Self was born at the moment Very God created it, and the Very Self will "die" when it finally returns to Very God.

To say that man is born once and dies once, is to refer to the Very Self arising from God and returning to God. Such a process happens once and only once. To say that man reincarnates, is to refer to the elements of the body and of the mind. Since man is body, mind, and Very Self, man both reincarnates and does not reincarnate.

Reincarnation in Judaism

Reincarnation is part of some Jewish mystical traditions.

Job 1:21:

He said, "Naked I came from my mother's womb, And naked I shall return there. The LORD gave and the LORD has taken away. Blessed be the name of the LORD."